first, who is the austronesian people?:
The first Austronesian speakers are believed to have originated on the island of TaiwanAsia approximately 10,000-6000 B.C. According to linguist Robert Blust, due to a lengthy split from the Pre-Austronesian populations, the Proto-Austronesian language and cultures emerged on Taiwan following the migration of a group, or groups, of Pre-Austronesian speaking peoples from continental
These first settlers landed in northern Luzon in the Philippines intermingling with the earlier Australo-Melanesian population who had inhabited the islands 23,000 years previously. Over the next thousand years up until 1500 A.D., their descendants spread south to the rest of the Philippine islands, Celebes (modern-day Sulawesi), Borneo, the Moluccas (modern-day Maluku), and Java.
The Austronesian settlers in the Moluccas sailed eastward and spread to the islands of Melanesia and Micronesia between 1200 B.C. and 500 A.D. respectively. Those that spread westward reached Sumatra, the Malay peninsula and what is now southern Vietnam by 500 B.C.(See Champa)
http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/AustronesiansBatanes Islands and Orchid Island (Lan-yu)
The Austronesian Team is participating in a collaboration with the ECAI central team, the School of Information Management and Systems at UC Berkeley, and the Shung Ye Museum to develop maps and cultural resources on the Batanes Island area
FILIPINOS: Filipinos are largely descended from Austronesian-speakingTaiwan, ultimately hailing from the Fujian coast of China. They are most closely related to the Ami tribe which are one of the Austronesian aborigines of Taiwan, with whom they share similar physical appearance, prehistoric culture, and certain linguistic patterns, such as grammar and vocabulary. According to the Stanford University study mentioned below, Filipino and Ami genetic composition are exactly similar, except for a tiny fraction (3%) of European genes, most probably Spanish and/or American.[10] Filipinos also share about 53% of their paternal genetic composition of the modern-day Fujianese, who are nevertheless considered as Han Chinese
The term Malay is also considered misleading because it gives the impression that the route for the populating of the Philippines was via Malaysia. Current theory holds instead that the Malays who inhabit the rest of the Malay Archipelago and mainland Malaysia are the descendants of Austronesian-speaking immigrants who first went to the Philippines. Then those Austronesian-speaking immigrants ventured further south to what are now Malaysia, Indonesia, and East Timor, as well as to the other Pacific Islands. migrants who came in successive waves from the island of
The earliest aboriginal inhabitants of the Philippines are known as the Negritothousands of years prior to the Austronesian-speaking migrants. Their descendants, the Aetas, constitute a very small minority of the population. groups. Their ancestors arrived
http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Filipino_people
The Austronesian language family is perhaps the world’s largest, with some 1200 languages and approximately 270 million speakers, according to the most recent studies (Tryon, ed. 1994). It ranges from languages with tens of millions of speakers (Malay/Indonesian, Javanese, Tagalog) to a surprisingly large number of languages with only a handful of speakers, numbered in the hundreds. These latter are particularly prevalent in Oceania, the causes for which will be examined later in this volume by Dutton. The geographical range of the Austronesian family is displayed in Map 1. A glance at the map will show that Austronesian languages are spoken from Madagascar in the west to Easter Island in the east. They are spoken almost universally in Indonesia and the Philippines, in Singapore and Malaysia, by the indigenous population of Taiwan, and by minority populations in Vietnam, Cambodia and the Mergui Archipelago off the coast of Burma (currently Myanmar). Further east, Austronesian languages occupy almost all of the islands of Oceania with the exception of the inland and most coastal areas of the great island of New Guinea (Irian Jaya and Papua New Guinea).
This language family encompasses all languages spoken on all Pacific islands from Sumatra in the west to Easter Island in the east, except for the Papuan languages of New Guinea and a few adjacent islands. They are also spoken in Madagascar and in mainland Malaysia. From the work2 discussed here, it turns out that of the ten subgroups of Austronesian languages, nine are confined to Taiwan (red circle), and that all Austronesian languages outside Taiwan belong to the tenth subgroup (green), which includes Polynesian languages (dark green; only a few of the hundreds of Polynesian islands are shown here)
Therefore it is the negrito that first walk in the philippines then to the south, so when we were asked if what race are filipinos? we are austronesian, we did not come from malaysia or indonesia via boat (elementary teachings) rather those people came from us..
are filipinos malays - yes. malaysians have been indoctrinated to consider only malysians in malaysia who are muslims as malay. malay or melayu is an ethnicity. when malaysia was formed it appropriated for itself the term malay-sia and has excluded other malays from the definition. the brunieans are malays but they are not malaysians, the filipinos too are malays. The root language of many filipino languages except up the north (ilokos) is malay. sulu and brunei are cousin sultanates (their royal families are cousins) and so is the kingdom of seludong (manila) who were ruled by the bolkiah family (of brunei). The bisaya and its various ethnic groups i.e the ilonggo, karay-a, akeanon etc are also malays. the ilonggo, karay-a and akeanon are very much malay considering that their oral history tells them that they are descendants of bruneian exiles in the 12 century after sri vijaya collapsed and still consider a bendahara patih (putih but in karay-a the letter u is pronounced a "uh or ah sound) as one of their founding fathers. In language the philippine and bornean language are grouped together as the borneo - philippine languages due to language similarities. and in fact the majority of the philippines was part of the bruniean empire until the defeat of brunei in the spanish - bruneian war which saw brunei lose its territory of manila, and the visayan islands. in previous centuries the lucoes (of Luzon) sent paraws and other ships to help melaka against the portuguese. In fact when the spanish and magellan arrived in the philippines visayan island of sugbo/singhapala (modern day cebu) they were able to talk to the locals through an interpreter - Enrique of mallaca who was a slave of magellan (captured in the portuguese atttack on melaka). Of course not all filipinos are malays but not all malaysians are malays as well. However, whatever malaysians or singaporena think of filipinos -we know we are malays. Brtish colonialism shaped malaysians and conditioned them to exclude others - in a tactic of divide and conquer employed by spain against the filipinos as well. For 300 years the philippines was cut of from the rest of the world and shaped in the image of spain. only after 300 years have we delved back into our roots. The philippine flag flies with the 8 rayed sun (the original flag was 8 rayed sun in red and whit color) - revisionism in philippine history told us that it symbolized the first 8 provinces to rise up against spain. but in fact the 8 rayed sun and the red and white were much older symbols for our people - one inhereted from the great malay empire of madjapahit. Even our national anthem has changed. the original in spanish started with tierra del ardiente, hija del sol de orient (land of the brave, daughter of the orient/eastern sun). right now its changed to bayang magiliw, perlas ng silanganan (in tagalog) Or land of the brave, pearl of the orient (english). Kami anak kang adlaw it sa silanganan,ako karay-a , isa ka melayu pilipino ^^ (we re children of the eastern sun, i am a karay-a, one of the filipino malays). sama sama!
ReplyDeletealso with regards to the language spread - filipos and malays did not come from yunnan china. the language drift was from taiwan going south, however, genetic studies under the human genome project proves that the movement was from south to north. this may mean that filipinos were migrants from borneo but the malay language became dominant and spread from taiwan down to borneo and the malay peninsula which after they became trading empires - encouraged the use of the malay language as a lingua franca.
Filipinos are not malay... there is no such thing malay race.. Southeast Asia, Oceania and even the coast of Africa are AUSTRONESIAN from southern china and Taiwan then they migrated to Philippines then spread to South East Asia and Oceania... watch this.. http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=LuDqAD2VtDQ
DeleteFilipino are not malay. Why ? For being a malay you must follow one of these 3 steps. First you must be the adherent of islam. This part are the most important things in malay tradition. Thats why javanese, buginese, cham are considered malay. Second you must follow malay custom or adat . There are two kind of malay custom . 1. Adat ketemanggungan ( used by Aceh, Riau,terengganu, johor etc ) and 2. Adat perpatih ( Negeri Sembilan and Minangkabau malay ). Third, you must understand the malay language or at least understand the malay people speaking. Rhe filipino except the southerner are not include in these crucial 3 criteria. So im sorry pinoy. You are not part of great malay society
DeleteMe you excuse me mr or ms farisan satira but language and religious beliefs are not bloodline. some filipino called moros are muslim, will you accept them. But please before we reject a bloodline we must first learn the history for once we are united under one empire. if you dont accept none muslim as malay then your also saying that your not apart of ancertors bloodline who at their time practiced buddhist literature. by the way im from the philippines, my tribesmen decended from the sri visayan people of ancient sri visayan empire of the modern land called indonesia
DeleteIn addition none of the southeast asian are called malay of the ancient time, for only europeians classified them and created the term malay.
DeleteNoo filipino are not malay .. lets just deal with the truth .. filipinos are brown because philippines lay in the high latitude .. its been discussed a lot of times already about that.. if we notice all country that lays in the high latitude peoples are prety dark skin even darker than filipinos ... for instance brazilian south americans .. are dark most darker than filipinos because of the hot climate.. really nothing to do with malayans or aetas .. aaetas is minority in philipines . Only 2 or 3 % are now exist they all wipe out by the autronesians /asians . I believe that genetics wer close to han chinese people .. specially souther chinese because we from ther .. lets just be honest . ♥♥ ilove my asian
ReplyDeleteSo please stop this bullshit .. we all conected to our neighbors .. singapore vietnam malaysian indonesian .. its just a combination .. its like this wer more closer to china .. so geneticaly wer more closer to them also .. and what anthropologist saids .. right were more closer to southern chinese than other asians .. thats logic
ReplyDeleteDear author & some readers,
ReplyDeleteFirstly,
please check your facts again.
new information was released after the Human Genome Project.
The "Taiwan' theory has been dismissed.
The migration pattern is now confirmed to be northwards (SEA - other) so all of us are the rightful owner of this beloved & mysterious Nusantara.
Secondly,
I do agree that Majapahit was a very established empire.
But u dont have to hate Malay Mr. Mufid Zaky Asari.
We are from the same ancestor and our languages; Malay (Rencong & Rejang) & Javanese has more or less the same influences; Sanskrit, Brahmi Script and Kawi.
+ You can also see the similarities between Malay & Tagalog language
(you can google this easily)
And,
I would like u to know that, even the language of the earliest kingdom in Indonesia, the Kutai Kingdom which is "Tanggarong Kutai Malay" is regarded as a dialect continuum of Malay language.
In addition,
In 1799, Johann Friedrich Blumenbach classified races of the mankind into 5 categories, which are:
1. Caucasian race
2. Mongoloid race
3. Malay race (this includes you Mr. Mufid Zaky Asari & Robertjr Cinco)
4. Negroid race
5. American race
and despite many controversies, these groupings are still used today in historical anthropology that describes human migration and in forensics.
Now, the question is why?
Perhaps, Malays were more dominant than other ethnics back then (look up for Srivijaya Empire) and therefore most of them regarded themselves as Malay. Who knows.
@Sharrief foO
DeleteIt seems you didn't read my comment carefully that you're misunderstand
first, I DON'T say that I hate Malays, even two of my friends was Bengkulu & Jambi Malay. My point is: I hate every "stupid ignorances" that always claim that Javanese was part of your "wet dream concept" of Malay race. It's just like dishearting, offensive, and insult the Javanese peoples including me. it's just like you're trying to say that Jewish and Persian were part of Arab race, and/or Japanese, Mongols and Korean were part of Chinese race, and/or also British and France were part of Germanic race. It's just kind like stupid ignorance.
second, yes Malay and Javanese were come from same ancestors which come from Taiwan and/or Yunnan (southern China).
third, just because Javanese & Malay has more or less the same influences; Sanskrit, Brahmi Script and Kawi DOESN'T mean those languages were part of Malay race, even Thai, Burmese, and Laotian also has Sanskrit, Brahmi Script and Kawi, and that doesn't make those language related to Malay.
+ Malay and Tagalog has similarities, but it's just because both of these languages belongs to Austronesian language family, not Malay language. Just compare Javanese and Malay and you will see how different they are. Even Javanese have 3 registers just like Thai, Japanese, Sundanese, and Korean do, but Malay doesn't have.
fourth, what your point with "language of the earliest kingdom in Indonesia, the Kutai Kingdom which is "Tanggarong Kutai Malay" is regarded as a dialect continuum of Malay language."? (n) those peoples didn't have connection with Java island, even Javanese in that time has been already built THEIR OWN identity!!
fifth, that Blumenbach theory was invalid, even many anthropologists have rejected his theory of five races, citing the enormous complexity of classifying races. There is no such Malay race. There is ONLY three races:
1. Caucasoid: - Aryan (White peoples in Europe & America)
- Semitic (Mediterranean such as Arabs, Persian/Iranid, Jewish, Akkadian, Turks, etc)
- Hamitic (Egyptian, Congoid, etc.)
- Indo (Indian)
2. Mongoloid: - Northern Mongoloid (Japanese, Chinese, Korean, Mongols, etc.)
- Southern Mongoloid (Thai, Burmese, Vietnamese, JAVANESE, Sundanese, MALAYS, Taiwanese aborigines, Filipino,
Laotian, Bataks, etc)
- Eskimos.
- Amerindian ( Chereokee, Iriquois, Caribs, Lakota, etc.)
3. Negroid: - Capoid
- Australoid (Australian aborigines)
- Melanesian (Papuans, Samoan, Polynesian)
you see? there is no Malay race, yes Javanese and Malay belongs to same race: MONGOLOID. even Malay race is an ambiguation concept, Blumenbach states Malay race were brown skinned and rounded eyes, but it's just limited to Austronesian peoples, why Thai, Burmese, Vietnamese, and other indochinese doesn't included? their physical appearance were the same with Austronesian which also have "brown skin"??
+ Even thought I'm (pure) Javanese, but my skin color were NOT brown and my eyes are not rounded, I have greenish-yellow skin and slanted eyes but have double eyelids. It doesn't make sense.
sixth, just because there is Srivijayan empire, Malay were not dominant than other ethnics, Javanese and Sundanese is, and they DO NOT consider themselves as Malay. Even at Srivijaya era, there already Javanese Sanjaya dynasties and Singasari kingdom that were launced an expedition operation attacks called "Pamalayu" which mean "crush Malay".
so, please THREW AWAY your "wet dream" concept of Malay race. (n) and please respect the other ethnicity, they already have their own identity.
Do you people know what is the name of Manila before spanish came to the island ? Its called "kota Seludong"
ReplyDeleteDo you people know who is the ruler of Kota Seludong that Spanish Legazpi defeated ? his name is "Raja Soliman"
Do you people know woh is Raja Soliman ? He is the grandson of King Bolkiah(ancestor of current king Bolkiah) of Brunei.
Do you guys know what is the "Laguna Copper Plate" found in laguna lake by fisherman and its written in "Alibata Script". Its a form of document signifying free of dept authorize by the Sultan of Medan Indonesia which is a relative of the current Sultan dated 800 AD.
Do you guys know what is "Alibata" or Baybayin ? it is a form of writing similar to old kawi language of indonesia, and it is obseved by the spanish writer Pigafetta that all natives of Manila write in this script. The first Christian Religious book was written in both roman letter andBaybayin called "Doctrina Cristian".
The source of confusion is when the British created Malaysia and they hostage the term Malay by indicating only people from Malaysia. As for the present day Malaysia has significant number of Ethnic Chinese which does not want to associate themselves to other Ethic Malay neighbors like Philippines who is generally poorer than the malay living in Malaysia. Religion is not an issue here, whether christian or Muslim we Filipino's and Ethnic Brown Malaysians came from the same ancestor. And YES Filipino's are part of the MALAY race !
Agree
Delete@Sharrief The Human Genome Project
ReplyDeleteMitochondrial DNA is now known to be not as selectively neutral as used to be thought, and it may therefore not represent the unmodified consequences of remote ancestry (Benjamin, 2013).
For instance, "In northwestern Australia, for example, the isolated presence of haplogroup O results from the passing visits of male pearlfishers from Southeast Asia just a century ago"(Benjamin, 2013).
This means that the reason why haplogroup 0 is found in northwestern Australia is NOT because we are "the rightful owner of this beloved & mysterious Nusantara" but because of some people from SEA married someone from northwestern Australia. Therefore the use of the word 'isolated'.
So no, the Taiwan theory is still ongoing (unless you would like to point out that many, many linguists got that wrong. In which case, you would have to actually read their papers, reject all their theories, and come up with your own - with references for back up.)
"You can also see the similarities between Malay & Tagalog language" - this has been answered by Mufid Zaky Asari and the author. It's the They-come-from-the-same-language-family-thing (a.k.a Malayo-Polynesian which is from Austroneisan)
"even the earliest kingdom in Indonesia, the Kutai Kingdom...." There is a theory by Robert Blust that the Malay(ic) homeland is in Borneo (Which is in Indonesia! Le gasp!)
@CyberPinoy
"Do you people know what is the name of Manila before spanish came to the island ? Its called "kota Seludong"" - "Kota Saludong" actually. Do you know what is the name of Manila before the Bruneian Empire invaded? "Selurong". And before the Indianized empire of Majapahit invaded Kota Saludong? It was called "Maynila" from the word "Maynilad", a Tagalog term referring to the presence of the Nila Shrub. The translated meaning of "Kota Saludong" even hints at this, meaning "The Kingdom of Maynila". (See wikipedia under Manila)
"Some have incorrectly attributed the name Alibata to it" - Wikipedia (which has two reference points if you want to check).
For points under Baybayin and the Laguna Copper plate, search wikipedia under "Baybayin". You'll find that it is described as an ancient Philippine script - with "Baybay" literaly meaning "to spell" in Tagalog.
I'm really only replying to this because it came up when I was researching for my essay, and I thought I would look at your arguments.
Given that it came up at all means that someone else might look at this when they look for their research, and I thought I'd keep things simple so that they don't get influenced by what may be faulty evidence.
Academic Journal Articles used
ReplyDeleteAdelaar, 'Where does Malay come from' (2004)
Benjamin, Indigenous migrations, Southeast Asia (2013)
haha this is interesting. there are many Tagalog words found in Astronesian language see this link..http://language.psy.auckland.ac.nz/austronesian/language.php?id=350.. In the other hand, there are few Tagalog words in Melayu language, probably that Philippine Mindanao languages is more close related to malayu (:
ReplyDeleteExamples of words in Melayu vs tagalog; (English)help,(Melayu)tolong,(Tagalog)tulong;(English)Go back,(Melayu)balik,(Tagalog)balik
ReplyDeleteExample of words of Taiwan Amis or Austronesian vs Tagalog; (English)mother,(Astronesian)ina,(Tagalog)ina;(English)father,(Astronesian)mama,(Tagalog)ama;(English)be dead,(Astronesian)patay,(Tagalog)mamatay;(English)meat,(Astronesian)titi,(Tagalog)hehe..
ReplyDeleteThis comment has been removed by the author.
DeleteFilipinos doesn't really care. Filipinos are salads. Nobody owns them. They are every little things of human genes.
ReplyDeleteThis comment has been removed by the author.
ReplyDeleteWhy is everyone arguing. Indoenesians, Filipinos, Malaysians - we look the same, don't we?
ReplyDeleteWhy is everyone arguing. Indoenesians, Filipinos, Malaysians - we look the same, don't we?
ReplyDelete